Presentation Of Cultural Studies : Subaltern and Cultural Studies

   Subaltern and cultural studies 

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Subaltern and Cultural Studies from Jyotiba Gohil

Presentation of Literary Theory and Criticism : Dhvani theory : Anandvardhan

    Dhavni theory of Anandvardhan 

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Dhvani theory : Anandvardhan from Jyotiba Gohil

Presentation of Victorian Literature : Comparison between Robert Browning and Alfred Lord Tennyson

Comparison between Robert Browning and Alfred Lord Tennyson 

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Comparison between robert browning and alfred tennyson from Jyotiba Gohil

Presentation of Romantic Literature : Psychological Study of Frenkenstein

   Psychological study of Frenenstein 

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Psychological study of frenenkstein from Jyotiba Gohil

Online discussion : Cultural studies and post colonialism

●   Online Discussion : Cultural studies         and Postcolonialism : 

    Sharmeen obaid Chinoy 's Got Oscar award for her documentary " A Girl in the River " has been much celebrated at home. It is about honor killing in Pakistan.

      Sharmeen’s films are about truly heroic Pakistani women — women who have suffered appalling cruelty and oppression but who have refused to be silenced. In telling their stories to the world, they have fought back and exposed injustice. It is shows the true situation of women that how they suffering so by showing this reality it brings awareness in society. It is not the situation of women in Pakistan but overall in  the world. We don't know many places where women are suffering. people not easily accept this reality. 

     There are many places where the writer try to show the reality. Many people not like Arvind Adiga because he shows the reality of India , bad side of India so people who like to see the glory of their Nation not accept him . The same thing happens in Slum Dog Millionaire movie. In this movie also showing  the reality of India. It also got Oscar award. These  writers respected by white people. So the question is that why the Indians and Pakistani writers get not respect by their own Nation. If they shows reality so people should accept them and try to change this bad image. Every Nation has both the side Bad and Good and we Should thankful to our writers that they shows the real image of Nation. It help us to changing the Bad situation of our Nation. 

       Why the white people have only right to give oscar award ? and why this award get so much high importance in all the awards ?    So this is the effect of post colonial culture. The Oscar award is organise by White men.  If the writer get Oscar awards he / her get more respect , famous in world.

         

  

   

Thinking activity : Contemporary Debates and Mario Vargos Llosa

● Thinking activity : Contemporary Debates and Mario Vargos Llosa: 

The issues in contemporary time like liberalism, Nationalism , Populism , intellectual honesty, literature and Morality and political correctness and Freedom.Here  I try to give my views about all the things. All  are part of culture studies.

 In liberalism shows the individual liberty or freedom which is obviously aginst power of democracy. Liberals are not accepted by society because in the society people have the see thing which is acceptable by everyone but liberal people see the things in the different way which is not  seen by common people. They see the thing different perspective. They have different perspective of living the life but as the word " different " shows that they are not accepted commonly the things so people easily not accept them. It should not be happen  because people should accept the different perspective which is shown by liberal people. Ideologies are also enemy of freedom.

 Nationalism is also against liberals because it incompatible with the freedom it involves racism because we all belongs to certain countries or Nation or race or religion. It has value in itself , value of being superior on the others so this same thing happens here in racism that the thing of superiority and inferiority create violence in the society and this thing suppressed freedom.

 Populism is challenge by Democracy.  In the literature freedom is important because without it that cannot express the thing which is real. So Literature freedom is shows things which is real and hiding   because of the reason of Morality  so Literature freedom and Morality is not going together both are enemies.

Political correctness is also against of freedom. Political correctness means you are in favor of political power which is always wrong  and it not allows you to going aginst it. You are not free to take decision aginst the political power so it controlled you so obviously you lost your freedom. So political power don't like freedom. People are  always dominant by political power and lost their freedom .


    

Thinking activity on Power and Media.

Cultural  Studies :Power  and media

● cultural studies : 

Cultural studies is the study of the ways in which culture is constructed and the ways it evolves and changes over time.

● Media culture :

  Media is fourth pillar of democracy. It is associated with Advertisement , marketing and critique. Media is essential part of culture. It is academic field that deals with the content from history , effects and political implications of various media and technologies.
   

● Five  filters of Media : 

1) Media ownership : 

The endgame of all mass media orgs is profit. it is in their interst to push for whatever guarantees that profit.

2) Advertising: 

Media costs more than consumers will pay for advertisement. it feels the gap . it access to audience and media is not just selling you product but also selling the advertisers in the form of You .

3) Media Elite : 

In the Media Governments, cooperation and big institutions know that how to influence media by using their power and money . if you challenge the power for doing somthing wrong it is never accept by power. Either you will be punished or you lost your job and everything.

4) Flack : 

In this where the story which is showing the negative image or real face of power it becomes inconvenient for power and they try to hide it by discreading sourses or trashing the story and put the different story for diverting the conversation.

5) The common Enemy : 

To manufacture it need enemy, target, terrorism, immigrants or a boogey man to create fear to helps corral public opinion.


● Influence of power : 

"Power is the ability to make  others do what you would have them do. "

● Six civic sourses of power : 

1) Physical power
2) wealth
3) state action
4) social norms
5) ideas
6) Numbers


● three laws of power : 

1) Power is never static
2) Power is like water
3) Power is multiplied by power and powerlessness is multiplied by powerlessness.

● power comes from :

1) Your purpose or social purpose  ( Prosocial or Anti social )
2) Education  ( teacher - student )
3) Political  ( use power to make people fear or for vote )
4) Parents and child.


So Media highly control by power. Though it has power to show the reality of power but because of the fear of power never gives it freedom to express the things. Power controlls media by using their power and money. So we can say that Power becomes more powerful than media that it has power to what to show people. So Media becomes tool for powerful people to foolish and control the mind of people.

Thinking activity : Fiction and lie

                       Fiction and lies 

                                      &

   literature is made of the truth ,  lies , facts and fiction.  So at one point we can say that literature is mixture of this things. It is not full of lie and not full of fiction. In the literature power decided the  literature and it is mixture of lies and fiction sometime. The power uses both of things to make people under influence of their power. 

  There is the difference between lies and fiction. Fiction is for the purpose of entertainment and it can't harm the people. But in lies pretend to be truth and it uses for harm the people. Our elders says that don't speak lie why they are tell us ?  Because there is something harmful insight the lie. It uses for hide the truth or reality. 

   Fiction is the imagination of writers mind that can't exist in the real world for example " Jungle book" movie is based upon fiction . In this the animal talk with each other but in reality this thing never happen but it gives moral lessons through this. So the things which never can't exist in real world it is form of imagination of writers mind to make people entertain it's called fiction. It is escape  from reality.

Whether the lie is connected with reality.

   In the Fiction some of is clearly impossible , some of it realistic but none of them is real all of is imagined. We call it fiction because it is not real.

  The post truth in politics is that large share of population has moved beyond true and false. They thrill precisely to the falsehood of a statement because it shows the speaker has power to reshape reality.

   

  So,  the literature is the mixture of the both lies and fiction.