Thinking activity : The sense of an Ending

● Thinking activity : The sense of an Ending 

This blog is part of my academic activity. To view the task Click Here 

1. How do you understand memory and history with reference to your reading of this novel.

"History is that certainty produced at the point where the imperfections of memory meet the inadequacies of documentation".

 History and memory are interconnected with each other. History made with the imperfection of the memory and the insufficiency of documentation. Memory is about imperfection and insufficiency of the documentation. There is no proper way to document things in the memory. It is highly unreliable. In the novel Tony Webster told things on the basis of his memory and  readers thought that is reliable and truth but later on this thing broken  down when his letter coming on his hand which he had wrote to Adrian and Varonica. It breaks all the narrative build by Tony. It shows the real side of him. He thinks that he is good  human being but it's not reality. It is constructed by his memory for himself. So upon this we can say how memory is harmful. In the history the things written according to Narrators point of view which is highly unreliable because Narrator himself is not part of History or the way he remembered according to his believes is far away from the reality. 

2. How do you understand the concept of suicide with reference to your reading of literature ranging from Renaissance play Hamlet, 20th century Existential Philosophy and this 21st century novel The Sense of an Ending?

It has  huge difference in concept of suicide from Renaissance play Hamlet , 20th century Existential philosophy and 21st century novel The sense of an Ending. In the Hamlet suicide consider as sin according to Christianity. The people who committed suicide should not allow to buried with proper Christian rituals. They consider as sinner. Later on in in 20th century with Existential philosophy idea of suicide changed. 

"Perhaps there is no one alive who would not already have put an endto his life if this end were something purely negative, a sudden cessation ofexistence. )but there is something positive in it as well: the destruction of thebody. This is a deterrent because the body is the phenomenal form of the will to live."

Every individual has ownership of their being and outght be allowed the choice to end their own life instead of treating suicide as criminal. In the novel sense of ending shows the philosophical idea of suicide that suicide is not crime everyone has right to end their lives. It is kind of wish or the right which every person has. After living your life and  getting satisfaction in life if one wish to end their life they can committed suicide. Adrine has live his life with full of capacity he was satisfied with his life. He has no any goal in his life so he decide to end his life rather than live life as burden upon him. 

Thinking Activity : The Da Vinci Code

Thinking Activity : The Da Vinci Code 

This Blog is a  part of my academic activity to know the task click Here 

1. Brown states on his website that his books are not anti-Christian, though he is on a 'constant spiritual journey' himself, and says that his book The Da Vinci Code is simply "an entertaining story that promotes spiritual discussion and debate" and suggests that the book may be used "as a positive catalyst for introspection and exploration of our faith."

The larger part of narrative is Anti Christian because at the very beginning of the novel it questions about the relationship between Jesus and Mary Magdalene. The character of Sophie Neveu is portrayed as anti Christian. In the novel she consider as a life line of Jesus though she don't believe in this. She not believe in Christian religion. After knowing the truth still she make fun of the thing that she belongs to Jesus life line. The main antagonist of novel Leigh Teabing believes that there is not like any divine force. He believes that on the name of religious and God people are fooling by priest. Mankind should be free from this all things. The way church and priest are portrayed as corrupt and wealthy people who can do anything for the money. So the larger part of narrative is anti Christian that questions upon the relationship between Jesus and Mary Magdalene and process and importance of Christianity in life. The novel highly based on the Anti Christian idea.

 2)  “Although it is obvious that much of what Brown presented in his novel as absolutely true and accurate is neither of those, some of that material is of course essential to the intrigue, and screenwriter Akiva Goldsman has retained the novel's core, the Grail-related material: the sacred feminine, Mary Magdalene's marriage, the Priory of Sion, certain aspects of Leonardo's art, and so on[1].” How far do you agree with this observation of Norris J. Lacy?

Lucy is right on her place that in the film Akiva Goldsman has retained the novel's core, sacred feminine and Mary Magdalene's Marriage and her relationship with Jesus, Priory of Sion and use of Da Vinci 's art . In the film  and novel all this things used for make this story more interesting and convincing. Through this all things it successfully  grabbing the attention of audience throughout the film. It also helping in build the thriller.  Though Everything is not true and not interconnected with each other in reality but it has deeper historical sense. These all things are connected historically not reality. It used to only make story interesting.

3.If You have studied ‘Genesis’ (The Bible), ‘The Paradise Lost’ (John Milton) and ‘The Da Vinci Code’ (Dan Brown). Which of the narrative/s seem/s to be truthful? Whose narrative is convincing to the contemporary young mind?

I think paradise lost is more convincing to the contemporary young mind because in this Human is in the center of the narrative while in the Genesis God is at the center rather than human. In the Genesis the voice of human is marginalised by God and religion. In this narrative Adam and Eve shows as inferior and God as superior place. In the Da Vinci  code the narrative highly question the relationship of Jesus and Mary Magdalene. But the way narrative moves with the clues of Da Vinci 's painting  is highly problematic. When we compare the narrative structure of this three in compare to Da Vinci and Genesis, the paradise lost is better. The way Eve  portreyed as rational thinker and questioning against God is more convincing as true to human nature. In this narrative Human's nature  and thoughts given priority over God. The Human emotions has given priority like temptation , resistance, love , beauty. The whole narrative is human centric and because of it this narrative is more convincing to young mind.

4 .What harm has been done to humanity by the biblical narration or that of Milton’s in The Paradise Lose? What sort of damage does narrative like ‘The Vinci Code’ do to humanity?

In the Da Vinci Code the way religion trying controlling over other is harmful. Silas believed and followed  each and every command of  Aringarosa. Silas believes that he is doing all this thing for religious. On the name of God he killed many people and after that he punished himself. On the name of religion priest trying to find Holy grail and wanted to destroy it. He want do this for saving the religion which is harmful to humanity. In the similar way in the Genesis God punished Adam and Eve. In this they have no resisting voice against God. In the paradise lost Eve has resisting nature. She also wants to live freely. But Adam and Eve have to live in the fear of God. It trying to build the resisting nature in human being. The nature of doubt and questioning but however on the morality based it consider as harmful. In the Da Vinci code shows how religion is harmful. People are fooling by priest on the name of religion and God. It gives message that Mankind should be free from this all things.

5. What difference do you see in the portrayal of 'Ophelia' (Kate Winslet) in Kenneth Branagh's Hamlet, 'Elizabeth' (Helena Bonham Carter) in Kenneth Branagh's Mary Shelley's Frankenstein or 'Hester Prynne' (Demi Moore) in Roland Joffé's The Scarlet Letter' or David Yates's 'Harmione Granger' (Emma Watson) in last four Harry Potter films - and 'Sophie Neuve' (Audrey Tautau) in Ron Howard's The Da Vinci Code? How would justify your answer?

There is many difference in the portrayal of female characters in the film and novel. In the "Hamlet", in the novel there  is no any description of sexual relationshilp between Hamlet and Ophelia   but in the film the more focus is on the body of Ophelia and there is also intimate   scenes of Hamlet and Ophelia. Similarly in the Demi Moore The Scarlet letter the camera focus on the body of Hester while taking bath. In the Kenneth Branagh's Mary Shelley's Frankenstein there is  intimate scenes between Victor and Elizabeth.similarly in the Harry Potter there is kissing scenes of Harry and Genny ,  Ron and Hermione. There is no need to put this scenes in the film. So in all this film women used as sexual tool to make film more interesting. But the film Da Vinci code is different from all this thing the film truely follows feminine sacredness. In the film there is no one close  scene of Robert and Sophie. The film truly followed the Novel.

6. Do novel / film lead us into critical (deconstructive) thinking about your religion? Can we think of such conspiracy theory about Hindu religious symbols / myths? 

                 And 

7. Have you come across any similar book/movie, which tries to deconstruct accepted notions about Hindu religion or culture and by dismantling it, attempts to reconstruct another possible interpretation of truth?                                                       

Yes ,  the novel teaches us to doubt on the things which is highly acceptable by people in the name of religion. In the Hindu religion there is many myths. The myths it self questionable because it interpretated by people time and again. The novel The Immortals of Meluha byAmish Tripathi is based on deconstructive idea of God shiva.
 In the book  Meluha  the protegonist shiv is normal human being. He becomes the God by his karma. It told that  every human being have capacity to go beyond things. There is no any kind of spirituality outside in the world but it is within.

Similarly in the movie Oh My God deconstruct the existence of God. It told that on the name of religion people are fooling by priest.

8. When we do traditional reading of the novel ‘The Da Vinci Code’, Robert Langdon, Professor of Religious Symbology, Harvard University emerges protagonist and Sir Leigh Teabing, a British Historian as antagonist. Who will claim the position of protagonist if we do atheist reading of the novel?

Leigh Teabing consider as protagonist if we do the atheist reading of the novel. He  is the true protagonist of Novel. Because he thinks about Humanity not Religion. For him Humanity  is more important rather than freedom. He wants to free the humanity from the Christian  religion. Because he believes that religion not make people free. The true freedom emerging when people will free from religion. He thinks for humanity not for God. For him human freedom is more important. He is the protagonist in  true sense because for him Humanity is more important rather than religion.

9. Explain Ann Gray’s three propositions on ‘knowability’ with illustrations from the novel 'The Da Vinci Code’.

a.       1) Identifying what is knowable 

b.      2) identifying and acknowledging the relationship of the knower and the known

c.  3) What is the procedure for ‘knowing’?

 1) The novel Based on the solving the code and painting of Da Vinci Code. Through this the Protagonist reached the real holy Grail. In the novel this all code and painting solved by the Protagonist. It is the way they can reach to the truth.

2) In this identifying and acknowledging the relationship of the knower and the known. The true knowledge of self. Sophie doesn't belive in the Jesus through out the novel she thinks that Jacques Sauniera is his grand father but later on she came to know that he is only protecting her. She came to know that she belongs to the lifeline of Jesus.

3) In this understand the process of knowing. Robert is the professor of symbolism and he wrote Many books. He  writes things but the knowledge is remain only in the books and mind. He know many things but he don't know how to connect the thing and understand the true knowledge. He understand the process of knowing at the end when suddenly thought sticking in his mind and he found the Holy Grail.  In the novel each code has double meaning. Through the process of decoding the code  they came to know about the real meaning of the code. This process of knowing helping Robert and Sophie to solve the real puzzle of Holy Grail.

Thinking activity : One night at the call center by Chetan Bhagat

Thinking activity : One night at the call center by Chetan Bhagat 

 This blog is part of my academic activity. To open task link click here 

1) Comment on Narrative structure of the novel one night at the call center . Compare with that of Life of Pi.

The novel on@cc is written by Chetan Bhagat. In this novel lady told the story of six people who worked in the call center. She told the story to the writer by putting condition that he should write book on it. Life of pi has the same narrative structure Mr. Patel told the story. In both works God is the mysterious and interesting force. The Element of God make both the stories interesting as well as unreliable. There is no any intellectual solution of  the problems. Life of pi' s writer has deep philosophical sense,  Historical sense as well as Religion ( Mythical )  sense which make this work greater in compare to on@cc.  Each and every thing connected with each other in the life of pi. But in the on@cc there is lack of connectivity in the events. 

      Chetan Bhagat makes very good use of prologue and epilogue in his novel. In prologue, writer himself comes as character and talks with the reader. The same thing can  find in life of pi in which Yann Martel Canadian writer meet the person. Both writer present in prologue and told that how they got inspiration. In the both work they meet person who told them stories and after that they collect deep information about it before writing novel. In epilogue there is alternative reading. After hearing story of pi Japanese agents not belived on it at that time pie told another story in which animals replace by humans. In the same happens in on@cc lady gave alternative reading by replacing God lines with Military uncle. So like this both work has Same narrative structure. 

2) What is popular literature? Is on@tcc popular literature? Illustrate.

Popular literature means those writings intended for the. Masses and favour with large audiences. It is different from artistic literature. It only designed for the entertainment. Popular literature has ,

1) Lack of deep philosophy

2) Lack of deep spirituality

3) Not deals with abstract problems

4) Lack of morality / humanity

5) Not challenges the belief of people

6) unacceptable solutions

7) Lack of intellectualism 

   So popular literature has this kind of structure of the works. In the one night at the call center shows the solutions of the problems through character of God. It has not intellectual solution of problems. The call from God is not deeply connected anywhere. The solution of problems not acceptable in social formation. It not challenges people to  think upon their believes. The solution of problems goes like drama. It  not gave  deep philosophy and intellectual solution. Virginia woolf 's novel has deep intellectual and philosophical ideals. It shows the intellectual growth of writer while here writer still not go deeply in the novel. The solution of problems are like makeover not real intellectual  growth of people.  Chetan Bhagat consider as the popular writer because he deals with problems of common people. He using very simple English language because of it many people can start reading English novels. It makes him popular writer. 

3)  What do you understand by self-help book. Is on@tcc self-help book? Illustrate

A self help book is one that is written with the intention to interact it's readers on slowing personal problems. It based on teaching moral lessons and build on philosophy.  In this book Chetan Bhagat focus on the real life problems. Shyam Protegonist almost lost his self confident and love, Military uncle who wants to talk with his grandson , Radhika cheated by her husband and demadable mother in law. All are fed up with  their boss. They all most lost everything in their life. 

                   

The call from God can be considered as, "Inner voice ". The call from God helps characters to know their problems and find out their solutions by themselves. God's call just help them to find the problems and their solutions by showing right path. It's like guidance. All have problems in their lives but the right guidance gives them confident to fight with it. Like this , the call from God gave confident to characters to fight with their problems.

God gave the message that four things need to become successful : 

1) Intelligence 

2) Imagination 

3) Self confidence 

4) Failure 

Thus the book deal with the real problems of the people. The call from God or Inner call gave self confidence and guidance to six people. It shows the right path. Everyone has this kind of problems in their life. By reading this book it help them to know their problem and find it's solution. Also it gives self confidence to people. 

4) How far can this novel be categorized as cyberpunk?

Cyberpunk is the post modern scientific genre. It is connected with science and technology, hackers ,  cybernetics and information. In the novel characters deals with email ,  bug , radio, Ms word . In the novel corporate world controls the job of workers. Vroom and shyam used bug in MS office as virus attack for terrified American people. It increased the calls in call center and save the jobs of workers. Vroom used mail to  blackmail his boss bakshi. So with the help of teachnology everything was solved. Technology became the resolving  force in the novel. Thus the novel can be categorised as cyberpunk novel. 

Thinking activity :The White Tiger and Slumdog Millionaire

Thinking activity :The White Tiger and Slumdog Millionaire

This blog is part of my academic activity given by Prof. Dr.Dilip Barad.

Similarities between The White Tigerí and Slumdog Millionaire  : 

   

1) Narrative structure :

    The Novel and the  film has almost similar and parallel structure. Both the works starts with flashback techniques. In the film used one reality show kbc in which  question and answer session going on. All the questions leads Jamal into his past. While in the novel wanted poster used. By using this poster writer talking about his past.

2) Indianness : 

● Train :

Train is also found in both the works. It shows the Indianness in the work. In the film highly used train. It also a symbol of poverty and crowd. In the novel also discrimination of train can be seen.

● Curruption :

Curruption can be found in both works. In the novel talking about Currupt nature of entrepreneur's drivers. How they can earn little extra cash by sell the patrol ,  repair the car from Currupt mechanics , sell the whisky bottles , turn master's car into a freelance taxi. In the film shows Currupt nature of Jamal 's brother. He was Getting more money from tourist. Also thieves  selling the car parts of foreigners. Anchor of KBC show do cheating by telling answer to Jamal.

● Religion :

       Religion is also important element of Novel and film. In the novel described  the darker side of religion by talking about Ganga as Black mud river ,  Hanuman as example of faithful servant ,  Buddhism. Similar in the film shows the Hindu Muslim riot which creates problem in the Area , depiction of Lord Rama, criticism of  Darshan do Ghanshyam song . It shows that on the name of religion people do wrong things. They even not care about humanity. Religion consider more important than Humanity.

●Education system :

Both the protagonist Jamal ( Film) and Balaram ( Novel ) are uneducated. In the novel shows darker and Currupt side of education system : school teachers are stolen lunch  money, Teachers do nothing in the class, Sales uniform of students , No basic facilities in schools : no chair , no duster , no uniform. It shows the darker side of India which is full of thugs and idiots. Similar way because of poverty Jamal could not able to study. Both the protagonist taking knowledge  by observing the people. 

● Darker side of India  ( Poverty ) :

In the film shows Dharavi the  largest slum area of Asia which located in India. Both the works based on the life of poor people's suffering and struggle.  Both the protagonist came  from poverty. Both works criticised poverty as  the darker side of India. Poverty forced them to do wrong things to get rich. 

3) List of the questions asked in the film 'Slumdog Millionaire'

1. Who was the star in the 1973 hit film "Zanzeer"

   a) Shah Rukh Khan

   b) Salman Khan

   c) Amitabh Bachhan

   d) Ranbir Kapoor

Answer: (c)

2. A picture of three lions is seen in the national emblem of India. What is written underneath it?

    a) The Truth alone triumphs

    b) Lies alone triumphs

    c) Fashion alone triumphs

    d) Money alone triumphs

Answer: (a)

3. In depiction of God Rama, he is famously holding what in his right hand?

    a) A bow and arrow

    b) A sword

    c) A child

    d) A flower

Answer: (a)

4. The song " Darshan Do Ghanshyam" was written by which famous Indian poet?

    a) Surdas

    b) Tulsidas

    c) Mira bai

    d) Kabir

Answer: (a)

5. On the American One Hundred Dollar Bill, there is portrait of which American Statesman?

    a) George Washington

    b) Franklin Roosevelt

    c) Benjamin Franklin

    d) Abraham Lincoln

Answer: (c)

6. Who invented the revolver?

    a) Samuel Colt

    b) Bruce Browning

    c) Dan Wesson

    d) James Revolver

Answer: (a)

7. Cambridge Circus is in which UK City?

    a) Oxford

    b) Leeds

    c) Cambridge

    d) London

Answer: (d)

8. Which cricketer has scored the most first class centuries in history?

    a) Sachin Tendulkar

    b) Ricky Ponting

    c) Michael Slater

    d) Jack Hobbs

Answer: (d)

9. In Alexander Dumas' book, "The Three Musketeers", two of the musketeers are called Athos and Porthos. What was the name of the third Musketeer?

    a) Aramis

    b) Cardinal Richetieu

    c) D' Artagnan

    d) Planchet

Answer: (a)

All these questions and their answers are connected with the life of Jamal. It shows that how minutely he observed the things and remember it. This all the questions leads him into his past incidents. All the questions are aptly connected with Jamal ' s life. I don't want to add any other question in this.

4) Deconstruction of film from post colonial perspective.

The Slumdog millionaire can be seen  from post colonial perspective. This film was directed by English director Danny Boyle. In the film  white people portrayed as good and gentle fellow. In India many foreigners came to visit the famous places of India. In the scene of  the film when the foreign people came to visit Taj Mahal. At that time Salim charged  more money from them , some thief stolen the car parts of foreigners and sold it. At that time Jamal was suspeced to responsible for this crime. He was  beaten by one Indian and  foreigners shows mercy upon him and gave him some money. So by this director portrayed white people as good , civilised  sofisticated and humble people. While on the other hand Indian portrayed as Poor , dirty, uncivilised, corrupt, uneducated people. The term it self based on the power dynamics. It shows the superiority of white on the Indian people.

5) Compare with Texture and Treatment of subject content in film and novel.

The novel and the Film based on darker side of India. The texture of the film and novel little differs from each other. In the novel the protegonist himself currupt  person. He himslef consider as the example of darker side of india while in the film Jamal was very good person he never do any wrong thing in his life.It shows the all the negative side of India and Indian people. In the novel minutely observed and describe the each and every dark part of India. In the novel poetic justice not happened by punishing the Balram. He  killed his master and do many wrong things yet  not caught by police. While in the film poetic justice happened when salim committed suicide at the end and Jamal became popular and rich. Both the work differs from each other on the Bases of  treatment  given to wrong people.

6) How far do you agree with the India  represented in the novel The White Tiger?

   In the novel Aravind  Adiga represent darker side of India. In the novel Curruption can be found . In the novel talking about Currupt nature of entrepreneur's drivers. How they can earn little extra cash by sell the patrol ,  repair the car from Currupt mechanics , sell the whisky bottles , turn master's car into a freelance taxi.  Also thieves  selling the car parts of foreigners. The novel represent Indian  education system. In the novel shows darker and Currupt side of education system : school teachers are stolen lunch  money, Teachers do nothing in the class, Sales uniform of students , No basic facilities in schools : no chair , no duster , no uniform. It shows the darker side of India which is full of thugs and idiots. In novel shows the Darker side of India  ( Poverty ).In the novel shows  on the life of poor people's suffering and struggle. Balram protagonist came  from poverty. The novel criticised poverty as  the darker side of India. Poverty forced him to do wrong things to get rich. In the novel shows the darker side of religion by representation of Hanuman as slave of Ram and Ganga as dark river of India.

7) Do you believe that Balram's story is the archetype of all stories of 'rags to riches'?

 Yes I believe that Balram's story is the archetype of  all stories of rags to riches.  It is realistic novel. The character like Balaram can be found in real world who do many wrong things yet not caught by police. The novel ends with  poetic justice by punishing Balram. In real world poetic justice not happened everytime. The novel shows the reality of life.

ELT : Mass ,Media, communication and it's importance

This blog is part of my academic task to get more information click here

● Which is your favorite Mass media platform for communication? Why do you like it? What are its drawback?

My favourite mass media platform for communication is  whatsapp. It has all the important features. It can be easily accessible.  It helps in developing  Four important skills LSRW. Through the medium of whatsapp you can send audio files, videos , messages and documents files. It has a feature of video calling. So through this people can connect visually  with each other. Nowadays whatsapp become medium of marketing. Through the whatsapp people can selling their products.So it becomes a marketing and advertising  platform. Nowadays time consider as  precious thing . People can share important messages to group  of people in short period of time. 

  Though it's like a coin which has two sides positive as well as negative. At some level it faces drawback because of unreliable messages which creates  problems in society. Many people  use this platform for  speareding fake information. People are blindly forwarding the fake messages without cross checking. It questions upon the  authenticity of information. People moreover use this platform for entertainment rather than speareding authentic information.

  This advertisement shows negative and positive side of whatsapp. It works like connecter which connects people with each others as the same time it also  separate people by spreading fake information. 

Thinking activity : Technology and Education

Thinking activity : Technology and Education 

 This blog is part of my academic activity to get more information click Here.

 Technology becomes the  integral part of human life in 21st century. It is everywhere entwined in almost every part of our culture. Technology in education system provides new great opportunity for learning. It is very important and powerful tool for education. Technology in eduction provides the new way for learning things.

1) why is it necessary to use technology in education. 

Technology in education is always a debatable topic in the society. By using  Technology into the education improves learning ability of learners. It provides new opportunities to learn and achieve things. In this students or learners are at the centre of learning. Education is transformed by technology. Students can get data and information with high speed and accuracy. It  is considered as student centered learning. Technology and education are a great combination if it used together in proper way. It also provide high information to learners. Learning becomes easy and interesting by using technology in education. Learner can learn things anytime at anywhere. It provides world view for learning the things. It prepared learners for the future. Learning becomes easy for anyone by using technology. 

2) what is the difference between 'using' and 'integrating ' technology ? 

Answer : There is a differce between using and integrating technology. In using technology students use technology as sake of using it. In this the technology used as for entertainment or get basic knowledge of things. In the integrating technology emphasis on the deeper knowledge of things. In this students / learners are at the center. It used for connecting the outer world with eduction through the medium of technology.

3) How can we integrated technology?  

 Integration technology happens when  learners engage themselves with technology. In the integration of technology the learner are at  the centre. Learner can integrate technology by looking it as a source of knowledge. There are many things which can help learner to integrate technology by using Web tools, Blogs , Flipped learning ,  class room , kahoot , E- Groups , coursera, online educational videos can helped learners to learn progressively. By using this types of technological platforms effects on learners. 

4) Can technology replace teacher ? 

Technology never replace the teacher. It can be used as tool for  betterment in education system. It can be used for enhancing the learning process of learners. Technology can provide the number of information. Teacher has ability to connect that information in meaningful manners. It never taught learners in simpler way. If learner find any doubt in that so at that time technology not able to make it clear. After all its a machine which have programmed information. It never able to connect the things out of the box like teacher. Technology can provide information but when and how leaner should used that information in proper way it only taught by teachers.

5)   Write in brief on David Crystal's views on 'effect of new technologies on English language', 'biggest challenge for English language teachers in the times of internet', and 'texting is good for English language'. 

● New technology developing new styles of English : 

David Crystal talks about the materialistic  development into society. He talked about printing press effecting the language. It plays vital role in development of language. He also talked about telephone that how it consider as disaster but along with time it becomes important  part of people's lives.  There was a prophet of doom of printing press as well as in text message by consider it  as disaster thing at those time but now they are example of human development. He support the argument that effect of Internet played vital role in shifting the style of language through text messages , blogging and twitter, Facebook. This tools can helped a lot to leaning the language. The language using in the new technology is not full of abbreviations. He consider it as standard English. 

● The Biggest challenge for English  language teachers in the times of Internet : 

Internet is biggest challenge for English language teachers because through the Internet new word easily become familiar to the people in shortest period of time. David says that teacher should be up to date in this digital world. Also he talked about variety of English language like British English, American English, Indian English , African English etc. So these all languages differs from each other on the bases of variety of accents and dialects that make this language more complicated. Teacher should be ready to encounter anything by focus on the global difference of English language through the medium of Internet. 

● Texting is good for English language : 

In this David told about the importance of text that effects on the learning the language. In this he more emphasis on  practicing language by doing more text messages. The abbreviations of text never effect on social moral values. Because the students never write this in their exams. So it is just for enhancing their vocabulary by using text message.

6) Name one web-tool which can help in development of all four L-S-R-W skills. If possible explain how it works.

 Blogger and coursera can help in development of four skills. The blogger consider as digital diary. So by typing on blog it develops your writing skills. As it is in digital form you can read it at anytime and anywhere. Also by putting videos it develpes your listing skills . By making the video you can develop your speaking skill also.  Thus , blogger helps in development of all four skills. 

      Like this coursera also helps  in development of four skills by listening videos along with  reading  subtitle ,  giving online test and by listening the video you can practice your speaking skills. 

Thinking activity : The Birthday Party

Thinking activity : The Birthday party 

This blog is part of my academic activity. To open task link clear Here.

Q 1) Why are two scenes of Lulu omitted from the movie?

Lulu 's two scenes omitted from movie because probably director don't wanted to show violence into his film. It may disturb readers. Also the center of the film is Stanley ,Goldberg and McCain. So male is the center of the film. If director  show  the scene in which Lulu harassed by Stanley. We felt more sympathy for Lulu not Stanley. So may be it is the reason for omitted the scenes.

2) Is movie successful in giving us the effect of menace? Where you able to feel it while reading the text?

  Movie is successful in giving us the effect of menace. When Meg insist Stanley to play Toy drum at that time the voice of toy drum increase and create violence. Also Stanley trys to frightened Mag. Silence and long pause and unsettled and uncomfortable laugh of character create effect of menace. In text  the conversation between Stanley and Goldberg and McCain the torrent language create effect of menace. 

Q 3)   Do you feel the effect of lurking danger while viewing the movie? Where you able to feel the same while reading the text.

 Yes I feel the effect of lurking danger while viewing the movie. When Stanley trys to frightening Mag and suddenly door knocked by someone. Stanley was beaten by Goldberg and McCain  the whole night. Next morning Stanley even not able to speak single word. During Blind Man 's bluff play Stanley was helpless when McCain broke Stanley 's spectacle. 

Q 4) What do you read in 'newspaper' in the movie? Petey is reading newspaper to Meg, it torn into pieces by McCain, pieces are hidden by Petey in last scene.

Newspaper has a symbolically significant in the movie. Newspaper can be used for hiding self from unnecessary things or situation. In the scene in which Petey reading newspaper and mag is working and asking current news. It shows power position in relationship. Petey in superior position and Mag in inferior position. Newspaper also reflects reality. Petey hide the pieces of newspaper because he not wanted to show Mag reality. Stanley tried to going against Goldberg and McCain may be fight for truth but this pieces of newspapers shows truth is broken and can not stand up against them. By hiding pieces Petey just wanted to go far from the reality that Stanley taken by Goldberg and McCain to unknown place.

Q 5) Camera is positioned over the head of McCain when he is playing Blind Man's Buff and is positioned at the top with a view of room like a cage (trap) when Stanley is playing it. What interpretations can you give to these positioning of camera?

Camara is positioned over the head of McCain when he is playing Blind man 's

Buff. It shows his frustrating nature. He start broken the things when he can't find anyone. When Stanley is playing at that time Camara positioned at the top with a view of room like cage. It shows how Stanley becomes helpless and frightened. During this game his spectacle broken by McCain. McCain not broken the spectacle but he broken the intellectual  vision of Stanley as artist. Now his life is under the cage of McCain and Goldberg. Camara movement happening according to power position. It shows the power struggle between the characters. 

Q 6) "Pinter restored theater to its basic elements: an enclosed space and unpredictable dialogue, where people are at the mercy of one another and pretense crumbles." (Pinter, Art, Truth & Politics: Excerpts from the 2005 Nobel Lecture). Does this happen in the movie?

Yes,  I find enclosed space and unpredictable dialogue which has no connection with other one.  But director also used out door scene in the beginning and at the end. Also very interestingly play opens in movie. Pinter more focus on the life of human relationship which also reflects in movie the characters always struggling for power. So the power struggle between the characters keep going on. 

Q 7 ) How does viewing movie help in better understanding of the play ‘The Birthday Party’ with its typical characteristics (like painteresque, pause, silence, menace, lurking danger)?

    Yes , movie help to understand play. While reading you can't feel the menace, danger of silence. But while watching movie, it becomes successful in create effect of horror and lurking danger. The expression of the character help into create effect of horror. So movie help into understand the some basic things of play. 

Q 8)        With which of the following observations you agree:

o   “It probably wasn't possible to make a satisfactory film of "The Birthday Party."

o    “It's impossible to imagine a better film of Pinter's play than this sensitive, disturbing version directed by William Friedkin”.

  I am agree with second observation. The movie directed by William Friedkin very well directed Movie. It is impossible to imagine a better film of Pinter's play. Director become successful to give justice to the play. Movie follow each and every expression which written in the play. So the movie is very faithful to the play. 

Q 9 ) If you were director or screenplay writer, what sort of difference would you make in the making of movie?Who would be your choice of actors to play the role of characters. 

If I am director or screenplay writer I would like to highlight the character of Petey. I will show him as a strong resister  against Goldberg and McCain. 

List of characters role as per my choice : 

Stanley    : Ranbeer kapoor

Petey        : Nashrudin shah

Mag          : Kiran kher 

Goldberg : Anil Kapoor 

McCain    :  Irfan khan 

Lulu          :  Aditi Rao Hydri

Thinking activity : Waiting for Godot

  Thinking Activity : Waiting for Godot  

    This blog is part of my academic activity. To view task link click here.

Q 1) What connection do you see in the setting (“A country road. A tree.Evening.”) of the play and these paintings?

                   

The connection between the painting by Caspar David Friedrich and the play is  Longigness. A country road suggest a Hope of someone coming. A Tree suggest liveliness or Birth. Evening suggest Death and despair of desire. Loss of something. So thus the painting and play swinging  in between hope and despair. Road also connecting with waiting for someone. In between waiting for someone person do meaningless things for  passing time. So this all things are connecting with human life.

Q2) The tree is the only important ‘thing’ in the setting. What is the importance of tree in both acts? Why does Beckett grow a few leaves in Act II on the barren tree -The tree has four or five leaves - ?

                    

In act 1 barren tree suggest absurdity in life and death of hope. It also shows the impact of world war ll. Society turns into ditch. In the second act tree with  five leaves suggest hope of something good. Hope of Godot will come. So the play moving from hopelessness to hope. Also it swings between Hope and despire. Nature doesn't effected by human emotions. Cycle of Nature keep on moving. Nature is not effect by human happiness and sorrow.

Q3)  In both Acts, evening falls into night and moon rises. How would you like to interpret this ‘coming of night and moon’ when actually they are waiting for Godot?

Night can be signifies as death and moon signifies as hope. Both Vladimir and Estrogen were waiting for night with the hope that Godot will come. So for Them night was important. Vladimir asked himself that will night never come? So indirectly he wanted to say that will life never end ? So night is connecting with death. Also it can been seen as hope that  Godot will come.

Q4) The director feels the setting with some debris. Can you read any meaning in the contours of debris in the setting of the play?

The director feels the setting with some debris it shows the effect of WWll. Debris means destroy in pieces. Which is useless and meaning less. Human life is also like this it is full of useless and meaningless things. It filled with so much useless things like religion , social values and morality that people can't think to live with out this meaning less things. Person consider it not debris but garden of paradise. So people finds useful and meaningful things in the meaningless things.

Q5)  The play begins with the dialogue “Nothing to be done”. How does the theme of ‘nothingness’ recurs in the play?

The main core of the play is Nothingness.  Vladimir and Estragon both waiting for Godot. Boy the messanger told them "Godot will come tomorrow ". So while waiting they do many things to passing time. But this all things become meaningless because Godot not come. Even both have think to committed suicide but they can't do that.

Q6. )  Do you agree: “The play (Waiting for Godot), we agreed, was a positive play, not negative, not pessimistic. As I saw it, with my blood and skin and eyes, the philosophy is: 'No matter what— atom bombs, hydrogen bombs, anything—life goes on. You can kill yourself, but you can't kill life." (E.G. Marshal who played Vladimir in original Broadway production 1950s)?

Waiting for Godot both as a positive and negative play because at the one side it shows the reality of human life. How we passing our life with meaningless purpose. It questions  existence of our life. It make us free from idea of God. It make us aware about our own importance in our life more than God. People can do anything without fear of God. It shows nature of Nature that doesn't effected by anything. It keep going on. This things also reflect human life that if some one died it doesn't effect others  life. Human life keep going on.

  This play is also somehow effect on people's mind negative way. If person finds his life meaning less it leads  his life towards depression.

Q7) How are the props like hat and boots used in the play? What is the symbolical significance of these props?

                      

Estragon and Vladimir both suffer from same fate. Both have boots and hat but both focus on different thing Estragon focus on boots rather than hat. Vladimir focus on hat rather than boots. So people  have both in their life boots ( materialistic things ) and hat ( intellectual sense ) but person focus on only one things. Estragon wears boots it represents materialistic things. It represents artificiality of life , human body. Estragon not satisfied with his boots it hurts him. It shows unsatisfied nature of human.

Vladimir wears hat it shows intellectual power of  thinking man. He constantly thinking about Godot. He can remember everything because of that he suffers a lot. His thoughts hurts him a lot. Hat represent mind and rational life. He becomes helpless because he remember everything so he can't escape from the things. Because he constantly think he can't sleep.  So it shows that person should be balance both mind and heart.

Q8)Do you think that the obedience of Lucky is extremely irritating and nauseatic? Even when the master Pozzo is blind, he obediently hands the whip in his hand. Do you think that such a capacity of slavishness is unbelievable?

Yes I think the obedience of lucky is extremely irritating and nauseatic. Lucky represent all the human who chained one or another way if the other person try to free them they harm that person because they habituated with that situation and felt so much comfortable with it that they don't want to come out from that. Same thing happened here Vladimir tried to free  Lucky but he  harm him. Even after his master blind he didn't want to free still he follow his orders. We all follow the God even we don't know he exist or not but still we follow him blindly. So we all like Lucky who blindly follow religion with the fear of God.

Q 9)Who according to you is Godot? God? An object of desire? Death? Goal? Success? Or  . . .

According to me desire and success is Godot. Human has uncountable desires in the life. If one will fulfill so people never get satisfaction the crave of getting better things keeps growing. Also successful life will never come because the successful life means person is happy and satisfy with the things. But in reality true success never come because person never get satisfaction and happiness after getting things. It remains for  some movement.  So these desire and successful life become Godot that will never come and it has never end. Though it gives purpose of living  life to the person.

Q10) “The subject of the play is not Godot but ‘Waiting’” (Esslin, A Search for the Self). Do you agree? How can you justify your answer?

  

Yes , I am agree that the subject of play is not Godot but waiting. Waiting is the important thing in the play. Estragon and Vladimir do many things during waiting. In our life we all are waiting for death. In between we do many things to kill the time. The play focus on what we do in our lives. Person abusing each other, spending time unnecessary things like dancing and signing. Vladimir and Estragon contradict each other and question everything , abused each other , doing exercise, hanging. So they do variety of things to killing time.

Q11 )   Do you think that plays like this can better be ‘read’ than ‘viewed’ as it requires a lot of thinking on the part of readers, while viewing, the torrent of dialogues does not give ample time and space to ‘think’? Or is it that the audio-visuals help in better understanding of the play?

Yes I think the play like this can be better understandable if it wil be read first than viewed. Reading of the play helps to understand the things in the better way. If you first viewed play without reading you can't understand it properly. The core meaning of the play not be understandable only by viewing it. It also requires reading and thinking. After that viewing that play helps to understand it.  The play has small dialogue but each and every word has its own importance. In movie you can't find time to think deeply upon it. So reading will be better before viewing the play.

Q12) Which of the following sequence you liked the most:

o   Vladimir – Estragon killing time in questions and conversations whilewaiting

o   Pozzo – Lucky episode in both acts

o   Converstion of Vladimir with the boy

    I like the conversation between Vladimir and Estragon for killing time. They both doing very interesting thing to asking questions each other rather than blaming each other. They both ask each other question about everything. It consider as a intellectual conversation.

Q13) Did you feel the effect of existential crisis or meaninglessness of human existence in the irrational and indifference Universe during screening of the movie? Where and when exactly that feeling was felt, if ever it was?

Yes , I feel the effect of existential crisis or meaninglessness of human existence in the irrational and indifference Universe. The boy comes to tell Vladimir that Godot will come tomorrow at that time Vladimir told him to tell Godot  that he saw us. So he constantly waiting for Godot in the next act the same thing happens that boy told that  Godot will not able to come today he will be come tomorrow. Though this thing happens again Vladimir told him to tell Godot  that he saw him. So it's shows effect of existential crisis and meaninglessness of human existence.

Q14) Vladimir and Estragon talks about ‘hanging’ themselves and commit suicide, but they do not do so. How do you read this idea of suicide in Existentialism? 

Existentialism questions upon existence of human beings . It questions why we are living here ? What is the purpose of our lives?  So In  finding the answer this question person can't able to even find that. Same things happens here Vladimir and Estragon both waiting for Godot even they not know whether Godot really existing or not. They try to waiting for them but at the one point of life they both filled with frustration so they try to committed suicide.

Q15). Can we do any political reading of the play if we see European nations represented by the 'names' of the characters (Vladimir - Russia; Estragon - France; Pozzo - Italy and Lucky - England)? What interpretation can be inferred from the play written just after World War II? Which country stands for 'Godot'?

If we do the politically reading of  the play Vladimir - Russia ,Estragon - France, Pozzo - Italy and Lucky – England then Godot can be considered as Germany and Hitler. It also suggest it's capitalism. Like Godot Germany also ruled over the world. All the country inferior under the rule of Hitler.

Q16.) So far as Pozzo and Lucky [master and slave] are concerned, we have to remember that Beckett was a disciple of Joyce and that Joyce hated England. Beckett meant Pozzo to be England, and Lucky to be Ireland." (Bert Lahr who played Estragon in Broadway production). Does this reading make any sense? Why? How? What?

Pozzo represent  England and lucky represents lreland. England and lreland also some problems with each other on the land. They struggle a lot for separation from England.

Q 17 ) The more the things change, the more it remains similar. There seems to have no change in Act I and Act II of the play. Even the conversation between Vladimir and the Boy sounds almost similar. But there is one major change. In Act I, in reply to Boy;s question, Vladimir says: 

"BOY: What am I to tell Mr. Godot, Sir?

VLADIMIR: 

 Tell him . . . (he hesitates) . . . tell him you saw us. (Pause.) You did see us, didn't you?

How does this conversation go in Act II? Is there any change in seeming similar situation and conversation? If so, what is it? What does it signify?

In the Both acts boy and Vladimir do same conversation. In act 1 Vladimir told boy to tell Godot that you saw us. But in act 2 Vladimir told boy to tell that you saw me. So in act one he cares about Estragon but in second act he become self center person who doesn't care about Estragon. It shows how situation changes the mindset and behaviour of the person.