Post - Truth

                                                             " POST - TRUTH " 

         Truth ! Can you define the word 'Truth' ? It is very difficult thing. Everyone have their different truths. Its depending upon the time and situation. Everyone have their different point of view about Truth. Here we discuss the word ' POST-TRUTH'.

       Post truth is a new word , it has been chosen as the word of the year in 2016 by 'Oxford English Dictionary'. Post truth is a mixture of two words and which is a word comprised of two words joined together to create a new word with new meaning.

Meaning :-

      It's relating to or denoting circumstances in which the importance of actual facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeal to emotional and personal belief.
           
     In short the repetition of the thing which is not true but its constantly repetition make the thing true in front of people but actually it's not true. For example : The advertisements of television. Its constantly repetition make it real and people are believe it.

    There is another example of post truth is television serials. Some things are never happen in real life but it shows so effectively to the people that it seems to be real.

     Another example of politician. They are the best example of post truth. They speak the things which are never happen but they make it real with their repetition of words.our myths are also example of post truth. news channel are also sometimes showing not real or truth news but with the repetition of words and the way presenting the things and the confidence make it real and effective that people believing that it is reality but in real sense it is not truth. so we can say it is post truth.

Robinson Crusoe :

                   Robinson Crusoe: 

     Robinson Crusoe is the novel by Denial Defoe and its first published in 25 April 1719. It is a novel about Robinson Crusoe. It is adventure story.

                     

1)write about colonial discourse in Robinson Crusoe:

Ans -   Colonialism in the novel:

• Giving the Name:

         In this novel Crusoe saved one native 's life and by saving his life he giving that man a name ' Friday.'

    " I let him know his name should be Friday which was the day I saved his life."

       He also calling Friday as " My man Friday".

• Relationship:

 

     In the novel the relationship of Friday and Crusoe is as a master- slave relationship. Crusoe tells Friday to call him master. So thus Crusoe thinks himself as a master and Crusoe as a slave.

• Language:

       Friday Jones his own native language but later on Crusoe teaches him his own language that is "English".

• Culture:

 

      Crusoe teaches his culture to Friday. He tells Friday to wearing cloths. He forcing him to wear clothes. Friday was not comfortable in clothes but he have to wear clothes because of Crusoe.

• Religion :

     

      As a part to colonizing Crusoe also talked about his religion and God to Friday. Through this he wants to tell him superiority of his God.

 

 2) How colonialism works in our life (in contemporary time/ of our surrounding Give examples )?

Ans - In contemporary time colonialism working in many ways like we are free from British ruling but they still ruled in our minds.

• we learn English language and we give more importance to their language and culture.

• we celebrating 31 December.

• we are attracted by their white skin and we want to as fair as they are and so for that we using many beauty products.

• we also celebrate birthday and anniversaries.

• celebration of Mother's day ,Father's day,children's day etc.

3)  Do you think that movie is different than original novel?

Ans - yes, movie is different than original novel.

• In the movie only describing one voyage but in the novel describing two or three voyages.

• In the novel Crusoe forced Friday to wear clothes but in the movie Crusoe never told Friday to wear clothes.

• In the novel Friday accepting Crusoe as a 'Master' and he followed everything which was told by Crusoe. In the movie Friday never accepting Crusoe as a master. He told him that ' I am not slave'.

• In the novel Friday accepting Crusoe 's God and his religion but in the movie Friday never accepting his God and he also says that :

      " I don't like your God and I don't like you. "

    We can see the rebelling nature of Friday.

• In the novel Friday needs Crusoe but in movie when Friday leaves him at that time he feels alone and he apologized for his behavior and thus Crusoe needs Friday.

• In the novel Crusoe considered as a brave man and Friday considered as fearful man but in the movie it is opposite Friday is brave man and Crusoe is feels fearful at many times.

• In the novel the relationship between Crusoe and Friday is as master and slave relationship. In the movie it is totally different from it. In the movie they both are good friends.

4) Anti colonial elements in the film:

 Ans - In the film Friday has rebellion nature. He never accept Crusoe's religion and his God. He has courage to denied everything.

• In the film Friday never frightened for the Gun. He wants to know more about that Gun.

• In the film the relationship between Crusoe and Friday is as friends not as a master and slave relationship.

• In the film Friday never accepting Crusoe's culture, religion and his clothes. He never changing himself. Crusoe never force for anything.

                                                                                         

                                                                                                            Thank you...

Review of the play : Digdarshak

On 8th August,

         I watched one hindi play "Ek maulik sarjak : Digdarshak". It was one act play and it was arranged by film screening committee. Review of this play and presentation was given by Alpa Ponda. She presented it very well.

1. Director: Rishit Jhaveri
2.  Writer : Priyam Jani

     Play about the Play :   

      The title suggested that this play is about director. Director of theater. In this play director dedicated his whole life to theater. He spent much time into the theater. He was against of cinema.
         In this play the director trained one boy who came from village. The boy do not able to speak correctly. So the director trained him. Director taught him everything related to theater acting. He taught him correct pronunciations, purity his language, how to walk, eye contact with audience and with other co- actors. So he taught everything related to acting.  After this boy left theater and joined cinema.so this was very shocking for director and he was very upset and angry upon him.
 
Theme : Theater vs Cinema:

          There are many themes in this play but the central theme of this play is cinema vs theater. In this play the director was against of cinema. He hate cinema because he think that people using theater for join cinema. They learn into the theater but after this they left theater and join cinema. So it is the main theme of this play.
        Theater is more difficult than cinema. The cinema is more Democratic it gives freedom of thoughts. The theater is Authoritative Authoritative. It not gives freedom of thoughts. In the cinema there is a many chances and retakes. But in the theater there is no chances for mistake during performance. In theater there is no retakes. In the cinema there is liberty but in the theater there is no liberty.

    So this thing make difference between cinema and theater. In the theater discipline and obedience is important so that's why it also compare with Army.

 Theme: Theater vs Family

        There is another interesting theme is theater vs family. It is very difficult to balance between family life/ personal life and professional life. In this play director sacrifice his family life for the theater. He gives more important theater. In this play one scene came when his son want to celebrate his birthday with his father but his father gives more importance to theater  and he don't celebrated his son's birthday. So at that time son became alone when he needed his father.so with this thing his son hates theater because he lost his father's love and care and for him.theater  was responsible for that.
     
      In this play many techniques used. The flash back technique was used very nicely in this play. To change into past and suddenly comes into the present. It is very difficult thing. In this play there are only two characters. But they play other characters roles also. The setting was not changed into the play. In this play lighting played vital role to highlight the characters. The costume of the character were never changed during the play so its became easy into flashback technique.
           
         The main and important thing was in this play at the end of the play director changed his Orthodox thought and he was also gives equally importance to cinema. So some times it happens that we have to change our self according to the time.


                          " It is in the relationship of performer to the audience."
                                                                                                                                    Thank you...

Thinking activity :'Dr.Faustus' by Christopher Marlowe

Thinking activity : Dr.Faustus  by Christopher Marlow 



1) The play directed by Mathew Dunster for Globe theatre ends with this scene (see the image of Lusifer) what does it signify?

Ans -

       In the last scene of the play directed by Mathew Dunster for Globe theatre it signifies that after taking the soul of Dr Faustus Lucifer become more powerful. We can see this thing to see the wide wings of Lucifer. It signify the power of evil against the God. Also signifies that at the end of the play Evil wins against the God. It also shows that when we doing something wrong against the God and we doesn't repentance it. We leads towards tragic end.

    It also shows that Lucifer get more power after taking the soul of dead person. He was successful to take the soul of Dr Faustus. So it also shows his success.So it shows his Great Evil power, success against the God.

2) Is God present in the play ? If yes,where and how? If No,why?

Ans-

      In this play we can tell that God is present in the form of Good Angles, Old man ,Good fiends. Also God present mentally in the form of good inner voice of Dr. Faustus. So with these characters God is present in the play and these are tell him not to give his soul to Mephistopheles. But he ignores them. They warning him many times.

• O,Faustus,lay that dammed book aside, And gaze not on it,lest it tempt soul, And heap God's heavy wrath upon thy head! Read, read the Scriptures: that is blasphemy.

• Sweet Faustus, leave that execrable art.

• Ah,stay,good Faustus,stay the desperate stabs! I see an angle hovers o'er thy head, And,with a vial full of precious grace, Offers to pour the same into thy soul: Then call for mercy,and avoid despair.

      So with these characters God is present in the play.

3) What reading and interpretation can be given to this image ( see the image of Daedalus and Icarus) with the reference to central theme of the play ' Dr.Faustus'?

                 

Ans-

       This picture of Daedalus and lcarus is Greek mythology. In this Daedalus was the father of Icarus. Daedalus create gigantic wings using branches of asier and connected them with wax. He taught Icarus how to fly but told him to keep away from the sun because the heat would make the wax melt ,destroying the wings.

    Although he was warned by Daedalus. Icarus was too young and too enthusiastic about flying. Icarus ignores his father's warning and reach near the sun and wax was destroyed and he fall down and drown into the sea. So he was responsible for his own fall. Similarly in this play Dr Faustus ignored the warnings of Good angle,Old man ,Good friends and his own inner voice. But he ignored them and sold his soul to Mephistopheles to became more powerfull than God and get more knowledge. He has 'Hubris' means excessive pride of knowledge and this thing leads him towards his own tragic fall. He ignored everything for become more powerful than God.

    So thus how ignorance of good thing told by good characters it leads him towards his tragic and terrible end of his life. So this thing is common in both. In myth and in play ' Dr Faustus'.

                 Thank you...

Review of the play : "Yugpurush : Mahatma na Mahatma"

          Review of the play : " Yugpurush Mahatma na Mahatma "


4th August,

  Yesterday we the students of Department of English were  going to watch one play in "Yashvant Rai Natyagruh." "Yugpurush: Mahatma Na Mahatma". It was wonderful play. It was my first live drama show which I have seen in my life.Superb music,action,dialogues,setting,lighting.they make this play excellent. It was written by Uttam Ghada and directed by Rajesh Joshi. It is also performed in many languages like Gujarati,English,Tamil,Marathi etc. This play also got 3 noble prize. Yugpurush was spiritual play and also spiritual relationship between Gandhiji and Rajchandraji.

 

           Rajchandraji was poet,merchant, philosopher. He was brilliant man. He was able to doing many task at the same time.its called "SHATAVDHAN". He has great memory power.he remember many words at the time. He was also know many languages.Through this brilliant quality of him get inspiration to Gandhiji and make him Mohandas to mahatma. So that's way the play called " mahatma na mahatma". It was journey of Gandhiji  to became Mohandas to Mahatma.

    It was a great relationship of two person. This play based on satya ,ahinsa,dharma. Gandhiji spirituality connected with Rajchandraji. When Gandhiji was confused between choosing religion Christan or Muslim at that time he wrote a letter to Rajchadraji. He tell him to choose Hindu religion and find out great quality of it. After the death of Rajchandraji they both connected with each other spiritually. Rajchandraji played significant role in Gandhiji 's life. He gives strong freedom fighter to India.

     In this Drama also used many techniques. They Used of many moveable things and it was changing according to the theme. Also used of lighting very well in this play to highlight the character on the stage. So it was make important part to make a play successful.

       Before watching this play I don't know about Rajchandraji. But after watching this play I came to know about that it was a great friendship example of Mahatma Gandhi and Rajchandraji. They both spiritually connected with each other.

       It also gives a message to the society. So it was also inspirational play.

                                           Thank you...

Plato's objection & Aristotlelian Theory :

  Plato 's Objection and Aristotelian Theory   : 

Question : 

How far do you agree with Plato’s objection to freedom of expression and artistic liberty enjoyed by creative writers? Name the texts (novels, plays, poems, movies, TV soaps etc which can be rightfully objected and banned with reference to Plato’s objections)

  ->     after understanding this  thing it is quite difficult to choose one thing because everything has its good side or bad side...  But I am not agree with Plato's objections because creater should have its own freedom to creat the things. Its depends upon you what you want to get it from good things or bad things. If we don't like some thing which is not good then we should not watch or read it. In the universe there are also mixture of good and bad things. Any literary work is out come of observing the things and experience of the society. So we can't say that literature makes people bad. Because its existence in the society first then afterwards reflect in the literature. There are many good serials for example "MAN VS WILD" on discovery channel.

 The other example is " KON BANEGA CARORPATI" on Sony channel. So watch like this serials we get more knowledge about things and it increased our knowledge about the world.

             I want to give another  example of  "TARAK MEHETA KA ULTA CASHMA " it is a comedy serial. It gives us many moral lessons about life and gives a different way to see the world.

Question : 

With reference to the literary texts you have studied during B.A. programme, write brief note on the texts which followed Aristotelian literary tradition (i.e. his concept of tragedy, catharsis, tragic hero with hamartia etc)

->    During my B.A studies I study  " OTHELLO" by William Shakespeare. It is a tragedy of Othello who was the protagonist of the play. It follows Aristotle 's literary tradition. Jealousy of Iago creates misunderstanding between Othello and his wife Desdemona. Othello thinks that his wife was not faithful towards him and the action of Othello lead this story towards tragic end. Othello never talk once with his wife he believed Iago blindly. He kills his wife and after knowing that his wife was innocence. He feels guilty and after this he kills himself. So the play ends with attainment of understanding and resolution of fear and pity. It makes tragedy.

Question : 

 Did the ‘Plot’ of those tragedies follow necessary rules and regulations proposed by Aristotle? (Like chain of cause and effect, principle of probability and necessity, harmonious arrangement of incidents, complete, certain magnitude, unity of action etc)

  ->   I also studied play " GHASHIRAM KOTWAL" by vijay tendulkar. It is a tragedy of Ghashiram. This play following all rules and regulations of Aristotelian literary tradition of time , place and action. Plot is an organization of events which from the story of the play. In this plot shows that good man suffering due to his own faults.This play is a powerful satire on the power of politics. Also shows lust of power. Ghashiram 's lust of power leads him towards the tragic end .A lust of power make him soo blind that for the power of became kotwal of poona he gives his daughter to Nana phadnavis. At the end of the play Nana killed his daughter after this thing he realised his fault. At the end he was killed by people of poona. Tendulkar include the visual language of movement of expression . so it was tragic end of Ghashiram kotwal.

                            Thank you...